🌈 Class 3 Maths Formulas – All Important Formulas, Rules and Examples
🎉 Welcome to Maths Wallah!
Hey, little mathematicians! Are you ready to make Maths fun? This colourful study guide covers numbers, addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, fractions, shapes, measurement, time and money.
⭐ Learn the formulas, explore solved examples and test your knowledge with interactive questions.
🔢 1. Numbers and Number Names
Numbers help us count objects and understand quantities.
Smallest 3-digit number = 100
Smallest 4-digit number = 1000
- Number before 1000 = 999
- Number after 999 = 1000
- Number after 1999 = 2000
Place Value
| Place | Value |
|---|---|
| Ones | 1 |
| Tens | 10 |
| Hundreds | 100 |
| Thousands | 1000 |
4,582 = 4,000 + 500 + 80 + 2
The place value of 5 is 500. Its face value is 5.
🎯 Try It: What is the place value of 7 in 2,745?
⚖️ 2. Comparing Numbers
456 > 345
218 < 281
675 = 675
🎯 Try It: Which is greater, 583 or 538?
📊 3. Ascending and Descending Order
⬆️ Ascending Order
Arrange numbers from smallest to largest.
125, 240, 315, 450⬇️ Descending Order
Arrange numbers from largest to smallest.
450, 315, 240, 125🎯 Try It: Arrange 45, 12, 67 in ascending order.
➕ 4. Addition Formulas
Addition means putting two or more quantities together.
125 + 234 = 359
345 + 123 = 468
456 + 244 = 700
678 + 222 = 900
Important Rules
- Adding zero does not change a number: 25 + 0 = 25.
- Changing the order does not change the sum: 12 + 8 = 8 + 12.
- Adding one gives the next number: 99 + 1 = 100.
278 + 156 ----- 4348 + 6 = 14. Write 4 and carry 1.
7 + 5 + 1 = 13. Write 3 and carry 1.
2 + 1 + 1 = 4.
Answer = 434
🎯 Try It: Calculate 367 + 245.
➖ 5. Subtraction Formulas
Subtraction means taking away one quantity from another.
568 − 234 = 334
750 − 325 = 425
900 − 450 = 450
1000 − 275 = 725
Important Rules
- 56 − 0 = 56
- 75 − 75 = 0
- Subtraction may require borrowing or regrouping.
432 - 178 ----- 254Answer = 254
254 + 178 = 432.
🎯 Try It: Calculate 625 − 278.
✖️ 6. Multiplication Formulas
Multiplication is a quick way to add equal groups.
4 × 5 = 20
6 × 7 = 42
8 × 9 = 72
12 × 3 = 36
Multiplication as Repeated Addition
3 × 4 = 4 + 4 + 4 = 12
5 × 2 = 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 = 10
Important Rules
- 25 × 1 = 25
- 25 × 0 = 0
- 4 × 6 = 6 × 4 = 24
🎯 Try It: There are 7 boxes with 4 pencils in each. How many pencils?
🎵 7. Multiplication Tables
| Table | Results from ×1 to ×10 |
|---|---|
| 2 | 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20 |
| 3 | 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 30 |
| 4 | 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36, 40 |
| 5 | 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50 |
| 6 | 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 42, 48, 54, 60 |
| 7 | 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49, 56, 63, 70 |
| 8 | 8, 16, 24, 32, 40, 48, 56, 64, 72, 80 |
| 9 | 9, 18, 27, 36, 45, 54, 63, 72, 81, 90 |
| 10 | 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100 |
➗ 8. Division Formulas
Division means sharing equally or making equal groups.
When there is a remainder:
24 ÷ 6 = 4
17 ÷ 5 = 3 remainder 2
Check: 5 × 3 + 2 = 17.
Important Rules
- 8 ÷ 8 = 1
- 0 ÷ 5 = 0
- Division by zero is undefined.
🎯 Try It: Share 35 sweets equally among 5 children.
🔄 9. Multiplication and Division Relationship
Multiplication can help you check division, and division can help you check multiplication.
🎯 10. Odd and Even Numbers
🟢 Even Numbers
2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20
Even numbers end in 0, 2, 4, 6 or 8.
🟣 Odd Numbers
1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19
Odd numbers end in 1, 3, 5, 7 or 9.
🎯 Try It: Is 246 odd or even?
🍕 11. Fractions
A fraction represents equal parts of a whole.
- Numerator: Number of parts considered.
- Denominator: Total number of equal parts.
One-half = 1/2
One-third = 1/3
One-quarter = 1/4
Half of 12 = 12 ÷ 2 = 6.
One-third of 12 = 12 ÷ 3 = 4.
One-quarter of 20 = 20 ÷ 4 = 5.
🎯 Try It: Find one-half of 18.
📏 12. Measurement Formulas
Length
1 kilometre = 1000 metres
Examples: 3 m = 300 cm; 2 km = 2000 m.
Weight
Example: 2 kg = 2000 g.
Capacity
Example: 3 L = 3000 mL.
🎯 Try It: How many centimetres are in 5 metres?
🕒 13. Time Formulas
| Time Unit | Relationship |
|---|---|
| Minute | 1 minute = 60 seconds |
| Hour | 1 hour = 60 minutes |
| Day | 1 day = 24 hours |
| Week | 1 week = 7 days |
| Year | 1 year = 12 months |
2 hours = 2 × 60 = 120 minutes.
3 minutes = 3 × 60 = 180 seconds.
2 days = 2 × 24 = 48 hours.
🎯 Try It: How many minutes are in 4 hours?
💰 14. Money Formulas
₹125 + ₹50 = ₹175
₹200 − ₹75 = ₹125
Cost of a book = ₹65
Money paid = ₹100
Change = ₹100 − ₹65 = ₹35.
🎯 Try It: A toy costs ₹75. You pay ₹100. What is your change?
🔺 15. Shapes and Perimeter
| Shape | Property |
|---|---|
| Circle | Round shape |
| Triangle | 3 sides |
| Square | 4 equal sides |
| Rectangle | Opposite sides equal |
| Cube | 6 square faces |
| Cuboid | 6 rectangular faces |
| Sphere | Ball-shaped |
| Cylinder | Two circular ends and a curved surface |
| Cone | One circular base and a pointed top |
Perimeter
Perimeter = 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 = 16 cm.
🔢 16. Patterns and Skip Counting
Count by 2: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12.
Count by 5: 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30.
Count by 10: 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60.
Example: 15, 25, 35, 45, __
🎯 Reveal the next number
⭐ 17. All Important Formulas at a Glance
| Topic | Formula |
|---|---|
| Place Value | Digit × Value of Its Place |
| Expanded Form | Sum of Place Values |
| Addition | Addend + Addend = Sum |
| Subtraction | Minuend − Subtrahend = Difference |
| Check Subtraction | Difference + Subtrahend = Minuend |
| Multiplication | Groups × Objects per Group |
| Division | Dividend ÷ Divisor = Quotient |
| Division with Remainder | Dividend = Divisor × Quotient + Remainder |
| Half | Number ÷ 2 |
| One-third | Number ÷ 3 |
| One-quarter | Number ÷ 4 |
| Length | 1 m = 100 cm |
| Distance | 1 km = 1000 m |
| Weight | 1 kg = 1000 g |
| Capacity | 1 L = 1000 mL |
| Time | 1 hour = 60 minutes |
| Money | ₹1 = 100 paise |
| Change | Money Paid − Cost |
| Perimeter | Sum of All Side Lengths |
📝 18. Interactive Maths Challenge
Try solving these questions before opening the answers. Give yourself one point for every correct answer!
- Write 3,456 in expanded form.
- Find the place value of 7 in 2,745.
- Calculate 456 + 278.
- Calculate 800 − 356.
- Calculate 24 × 6.
- Calculate 72 ÷ 8.
- Find half of 30.
- Find one-third of 21.
- Convert 4 metres into centimetres.
- Convert 3 kilograms into grams.
- How many minutes are there in 3 hours?
- How many paise make ₹5?
- A toy costs ₹75. You pay ₹100. Find the change.
- Complete: 20, 30, 40, 50, __.
- A square has sides of 5 cm each. Find its perimeter.
🏆 Show All Challenge Answers
- 3000 + 400 + 50 + 6
- 700
- 734
- 444
- 144
- 9
- 15
- 7
- 400 cm
- 3000 g
- 180 minutes
- 500 paise
- ₹25
- 60
- 20 cm
🎉 Conclusion
Congratulations, little mathematicians! 🌟 You have explored the important Class 3 Maths formulas, rules and examples.
Practise a little every day, solve the interactive questions and keep discovering the fun of Mathematics.
📚 Maths Wallah
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By BK Pawar
